From schools to special districts, the layers of taxation across Long Island often leave homeowners confused about who is responsible for the taxes they pay. Long Islanders are no strangers to high property taxes. But understanding exactly who is taxing you can be a challenge. According to the Long Island Regional Planning Council, there are more than 900 separate taxing districts across Long Island. Those districts all play a role in determining what appears on a homeowner's property tax bill. Mary Jo Collins, the North Hempstead Town Receiver of Taxes, said many residents are skeptical when they hear about local tax reductions. "In the Town of North Hempstead, we're really proud that the past three years taxes have been cut 21 percent. People challenge that, they say, 'how can that be?'" Understanding a tax bill often requires a closer look at where the money is going. School districts account for the largest share of most property tax bills. "70 percent of your property tax bill, is your school tax bill, which the town has no input on," Collins said. In addition to school taxes, Long Island homeowners may also pay taxes to a variety of smaller taxing districts, which can add to the confusion. That complexity was evident during a recent discussion in Huntington, where the Town Board is considering piercing the state tax cap. Residents addressed town lawmakers, suggesting cuts to school district staff, library funding, and other entities not controlled by the Town government or included in the town budget. "It's important to note how much of your tax bill actually goes to the town. It's about 7 percent," said Huntington Town Supervisor Ed Smyth. The confusion can continue when homeowners decide to challenge their property tax assessments. John McQuade, assistant Nassau County assessor, said residents frequently contact the wrong office when seeking help with grievances. "Quite often we're confused with the Assessment Review Commission, if you have any questions regarding grievances, unfortunately the Department of Assessment is not able to assist you regarding grievance related questions." Officials say resources are available to help residents better understand the process. Free tax assessment seminars are held regularly, particularly in Nassau County.